Session Design

Using Constraints Instead Of Instructions

Change the rules and the behaviour changes itself — no shouting required.

5 min read Developing coach All ages
Session Flow
Planning Effective Sessions
Decision Making

Why this matters

A well-chosen constraint produces the behaviour hundreds of times in ten minutes. Your voice can't compete with that.

The common problem

Coaches try to fix a behaviour by repeating an instruction. The players comply while being watched and revert the moment attention moves elsewhere.

Try this instead

  • Want quicker play? Limit touches in one zone only, not the whole pitch.
  • Want width? Make goals from a wide area worth double.
  • Want forward passes? Add a line players must break to score.
  • Change one constraint at a time so you can see what caused what.
  • Remove the constraint at the end and see whether the habit survives.

On the pitch

Players are all crowding the ball. Split the pitch into three channels with a maximum of two players per channel. The spacing problem solves itself in ninety seconds.

Questions to ask

  • What did the rule make you do differently?
  • Would you still do that without the rule?
  • What would make that even harder?

Your coaching challenge

Fix one problem tonight with a rule change instead of an instruction.

Reflect afterwards

Which constraint produced the biggest change in behaviour?

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